Emhwebeni womhlaba wonke wezingodo, i-Paulownia wood isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kwefenisha, ukupakisha izinto, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemisebenzi yezandla ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo, umswakama{0}}ukungazweli, futhi kulula{1}}ukucubungula{2}}izakhiwo. Kodwa-ke, i-Paulownia wood evela kwimvelaphi ehlukene ibonisa umehluko omkhulu kwikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukusebenza, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Abasebenzi bezohwebo bangaphandle badinga ukuqonda lo mehluko ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi ukukhetha kwabo kwempahla kuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende futhi kunciphise ubungozi bohwebo.
1. Umehluko Womsuka: Umehluko Obalulekile Phakathi KwamaShayina Nezinkuni Ezingenisiwe ze-Paulownia
I-China ingelinye labakhiqizi abakhulu kakhulu bomhlaba bezinkuni ze-Paulownia, kanti i-Paulownia (Paulownia) yaseLankao, i-Henan, ne-Shaoyang, i-Hunan idume kakhulu. I-Chinese Paulownia wood ibonakala ngokukhanya nokuthambile kwayo (ukuminyana cishe okungu-0.25-0.4g/cm³), okusanhlamvu okucacile, nokumelana nomswakama wemvelo, okuyenza ifanelekele ukuthekelisa ifenisha nokupakishwa. Ngokuphambene, amanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia (afana ne-Indonesia) kanye neNingizimu Melika (njengeBrazil) nawo akhiqiza izinhlobo ezikhula ngokushesha-ezifana ne-paulownia, kodwa lezi zinhlobo zokhuni zinokuminyana okuphezulu (okulinganiselwa ku-0.4-0.6 g/cm³) futhi ziyakwazi ukuqina, kodwa azikwazi ukumelana nomswakama. Ngokuyinhloko zisetshenziselwa ukwakha ama-formwork noma ama-pallets wezimboni.
Izinkampani zohwebo lwangaphandle kufanele ziqaphele: Amaphaneli e-Chinese paulownia wood, ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo zamazwe ngamazwe (njengesitifiketi se-FSC), athandwa kakhulu-izimakethe zase-Europe nezaseMelika. Kodwa-ke, ezinye{2}izinkuni ze-paulownia ezithengwa kwamanye amazwe ezinentengo ephansi zingase zibhekane nokubambezeleka kokuvunyelwa kwentela ngenxa yezinkinga zokuvalelwa.
2. Ukugreda: Izinto Ezibalulekile Ezithinta Intengo Nokusetshenziswa
Ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe, amaphaneli e-paulownia wood ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa abe amabanga amathathu: A, B, kanye no-C, ngokusekelwe kokusanhlamvu, izinga lokukhubazeka, kanye nokunemba kokucubungula:
• Amaphaneli e-paulownia wood panel: Angenawo ama-wormholes nama-cracks, anohlamvu olufanayo, afanele-amaphaneli efenisha aphezulu kanye nezinsiza zezinsimbi zomculo (njengamabhodi omsindo wesiginci). Bayala inani eliphakeme lokuthekelisa (cishe ama-RMB angama-400-600 nge-cubic meter ngayinye). • I-Paulownia wood yeBanga B: Ukungapheleli okuncane kuyabekezelelwa futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukusekelwa kwefenisha, ulayini, noma ukupakisha. Intengo iphakathi (250-400/cubic meter).
• I-Paulownia wood yeBanga C: Ukungapheleli kuyabonakala futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu kumapulangwe ezimboni noma{0}}imisebenzi yezandla esezingeni eliphansi. Intengo iphansi (150-250/cubic meter).
Kunconywa ukuthi izinkampani zohwebo lwangaphandle zicacise ngokucacile izimfuneko zebanga ezinkontilekeni zazo futhi zifake izindinganiso zezinga lamapulangwe ezaziwa emhlabeni wonke (njengemithetho ye-National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHLA)) ukuze zigweme ukubuyisela ngenxa yezingxabano zekhwalithi.
3. Ukwelashwa: Umehluko Phakathi Kweziko-Okomisiwe Nokulondolozwa-Ukwelashwa
Izinkuni ze-Paulownia zisengozini yokuguqulwa ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo komswakama ophezulu. Abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ngokuvamile badinga abahlinzeki ukuthi banikeze izinkuni-ezomisiwe (KD), ezinomswakama oqondisiwe ongu-8%-12%. I-Paulownia wood ethunyelwa isuka e-China ivamise ukushiswa{6}}emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuyenza ifanelekele-ukuthutha olwandle olude. Kodwa-ke, abanye abahlinzeki baseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia banganikela kuphela ngokhuni{13}}lomisiwe (AD) lomoya, olunoguquko olubanzi lokuqukethwe komswakamo (15%-25%) futhi oluvame ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha kuyelulekwa lapho kukhethwa. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle (njengefenisha yasengadini), amanye ama-oda asezingeni eliphezulu adinga amaphaneli epulangwe e-paulownia ukuze athole ukwelashwa okulwa nokugqwala (okufana ne-ACQ noma i-CCA impregnation). Lolu hlobo lwebhodi lubiza ngo-15% -20% kunamabhodi omisiwe ajwayelekile, kodwa kwandisa kakhulu impilo yabo yenkonzo.
4. Izincomo Ezisebenzayo Zohwebo Lwangaphandle: Uzigwema Kanjani Izingozi E-Paulownia Wood Panel Transactions?
1. Cacisa Amazinga Wento Ebalulekile: Phakathi nesigaba sophenyo, dinga ukuthi abahlinzeki banikeze igama lesayensi lokhuni (isb, Paulownia elongata) kanye nobufakazi bemvelaphi** ukuze kugwenywe ukudideka phakathi kwe-paulownia nezinye{3}}ezikhula ngokushesha izinkuni ezithambile (njenge-poplar).
2. Idinga Imibiko Yokuhlola: Idinga abahlinzeki ukuthi banikeze izitifiketi zokuhlolwa kokuqukethwe komswakama, ukukhishwa kwe-formaldehyde (amabanga E0/E1), nemibiko yokuqukethwe kwensimbi esindayo kanye nezimpahla ukuze zithobele imithetho ye-EU REACH noma amazinga e-US CARB.
3. Lungiselela Izindlela Zokuhamba: Amaphaneli okhuni e-Paulownia makhulu kodwa angasindi. Kutuswa ukuqinisa ukupakisha lapho usebenzisa-ngaphansi{3}}imithwalo yesiqukathi (LCL) ukuvimbela ukulimala emaphethelweni nasemakhoneni ngesikhathi sokuthutha okungase kuholele ekwehliseni izimangalo.
Isiphetho
Ngenkathi amaphaneli okhuni e-Paulownia eyimpahla evamile yohwebo, ukuhluka kwawo kwekhwalithi kuthinta ngokuqondile ukuncintisana kwemakethe komkhiqizo wokugcina. Kuphela ngokuqonda kahle umehluko obalulekile njengemvelaphi, ibanga, namasu okucubungula lapho izinkampani zohwebo zangaphandle zingakwazi ukufanisa ngokunembile izidingo zamakhasimende futhi zandise amamajini enzuzo yoku-oda. Kunconywa ukuthi kusungulwe umtapo wezincwadi wesampula wezinto ezibonakalayo-nabahlinzeki besikhathi eside futhi uhlole ikhwalithi yenqwaba-nezinkampani zangaphandle zokuhlola (njenge-SGS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka oluzinzile noluthembekile.
