Amapulangwe okhuni aqinile, okungenye yezinto zendabuko ezisetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwefenisha kanye nokuhlobisa kwezakhiwo, anezinto ezibonakalayo ezingenakushintshwa kanye nenani lobuhle ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo esiyingqayizivele.Ngokungafani namabhodi okwenziwa, akhiwa ngokusebenzisa i-gluing ne-lamination, amabhodi okhuni aqinile agcina okusanhlamvu kokuqala kokukhula kanye nesakhiwo samangqamuzana esihlahla. Lesi sakhiwo esibonakalayo esivele ngokwemvelo sinikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zamandla, ukuzinza, kanye nobungane bemvelo.
Ngokombono we-microscopic, amapulangwe okhuni aqinile akhiwa amangqamuzana amaningi e-tubular, akha futhi ahleleke ngokwemvelo phakathi nokukhula kwesihlahla. Amaseli emithambo yegazi ahlelwe isikhathi eside anesibopho sokuthuthwa kwamanzi, kuyilapho izintambo zokhuni ezisatshalaliswa ngokuphambene zinikeza ukusekelwa kwesakhiwo esiyinhloko. Lolu hlelo lwamaselula lwe-anisotropic luchaza ukuthi kungani amabhodi okhuni oluqinile ebonisa ukuhluka okuphawulekayo kwezakhiwo ezingokoqobo eduze kokusanhlamvu-amashumi ezikhathi eziyishumi zamandla amakhulu okuqinile okusanhlamvu kunawo wonke okusanhlamvu. Ngokwe-Microscopically, ukhuni lwe-coniferous lubonisa ukuhlelwa kwamaseli okulinganayo nokujwayelekile, kuyilapho ukhuni oluqinile lubonisa ukusabalalisa kwemithambo eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nephethini yendandatho yokukhula. Lo mehluko we-microscopic uthonya ngokuqondile ukusebenza kokugcina kwamabhodi okhuni aqinile ezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla.
Izici zesakhiwo se-macroscopic zamabhodi okhuni oluqinile zibonakala ngokuyinhloko ezicutshini ezijwayelekile ezifana namandandatho okukhula, i-pith, ne-sapwood. Izindandatho zokukhula ziyizindandatho ezigxilile ezakhiwe phakathi nomjikelezo wonyaka wokukhula kwesihlahla. Ukuminyana kwabo nokuhlukahluka kombala akugcini nje ngokurekhoda ubudala besihlahla kodwa futhi kuthinta ngokuqondile izakhiwo zemishini yokhuni nezici zokucubungula. Ngokuvamile, amasongo okukhula aminyene futhi amancane abonisa ukuminyana namandla aphezulu, kuyilapho amasongo okukhula abanzi futhi ayingcosana abonisa indawo ekahle yokukhula kodwa impahla ethambile. I-pith, ephakathi nendawo ye-trunk, isifunda esingajwayelekile esakhiwe amaseli okuqala. Le ngxenye yezinto ivame ukuthambekela ekuguqukeni futhi inamandla aphansi. Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-sapwood ne-heartwood kubaluleke ngokufanayo. I-Sapwood ilula ngombala futhi inomswakama ophezulu, okwenza kube lula ukusebenza; I-heartwood, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iqukethe izinto ezengeziwe, okuholela kumbala omnyama nokuqina okukhulu.
Mayelana nokukhiqiza, ubuqotho besakhiwo samabhodi okhuni oluqinile kunqunywa kakhulu indlela izingodo ezisaha ngayo. Indlela evamile yokusaha i-tangential ikhiqiza okusanhlamvu okuhle kwe-chevron kodwa inenkinga yokungaqini kahle, kuyilapho indlela yekota{1}}esaha ikhiqiza ibhodi elizinzile elinohlamvu oluqondile. -Ukuhlanganisa iminwe, indlela esetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwebhodi lokhuni lwesimanjemanje, kunweba ubude ngokuhlanganisa izingcezu ezincane zokhuni ekugcineni kwazo, zilondoloze izici eziqinile zokhuni kuyilapho kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-dimensional. Ubuchwepheshe bokhuni obuqinile obunamalayithi buqeda ngempumelelo ukuwohloka okubangelwa i-anisotropy ngokuhlanganisa nokucindezela izingqimba eziningi zamaphaneli amancane ancike kokusanhlamvu. Lokhu kusungulwa kwesakhiwo kwenza amaphaneli okhuni oluqinile asetshenziswe ifenisha emikhulu.
Izakhiwo zesakhiwo samapaneli ezinkuni eziqinile zinquma ngokuqondile ukusebenza kwazo. Isakhiwo seselula{1}}esiminyanisa kakhulu sinikeza amaphaneli okhuni oluqinile umthwalo ongcono kakhulu{2}okuthwala, futhi amaphaneli okhuni oluqinile omiswe kahle abonisa ukuqina okuhle kakhulu kobukhulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile. Kodwa-ke, i-anisotropy yemvelo yokhuni iphinde isho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungalungile noma izinguquko zemvelo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokuguquguquka nokuqhekeka. Ukuqonda izici zesakhiwo samaphaneli ezinkuni eziqinile kungasiza ukwandisa ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo zezinkuni nezindlela zokucubungula. Isibonelo, ukhuni olunamandla aphezulu eduze kokusanhlamvu lungasetshenziswa ekuthwaleni-izingxenye zokuthwala, kuyilapho ukhuni olunohlamvu oluhle lungasetshenziselwa izindawo zokuhlobisa. Izindlela zesimanje zokuguqula ukhuni, njengokwelashwa kokushisa nokufakwa kwamakhemikhali, zishintsha ukwakheka kwepulangwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe umswakama walo kanye nokumelana nezinambuzane.
Ngokombono wokuthuthukiswa okusimeme, ukwakheka kwemvelo kwamaphaneli ezinkuni eziqinile kubenza babe enye yezinto zokwakha ezinobungani bemvelo. Njengomthombo ovuselelekayo, ukhuni lumunca i-carbon dioxide futhi lukhiphe umoya-mpilo phakathi nenqubo yokukhula, futhi izimbotshana ezisesakhiweni salo samangqamuzana nazo zingalawula umswakama ongaphakathi. Ngokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokumisa okuthuthukisiwe kanye -nobuchwephesha bokugqwala, ukuzinza kwesakhiwo samaphaneli okhuni oluqinile lwesimanje kuye kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi impilo yawo yesevisi ingafinyelela amashumi eminyaka. Ngokuzayo, ngocwaningo olujulile mayelana nesakhiwo samangqamuzana okhuni, kulindeleke ukuthi sakhe amaphaneli okhuni aqinile asebenza kangcono nakakhulu, angagcina ubuhle bawo bemvelo kuyilapho ehlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zempilo yesimanje.
